Development and bioevaluation of chitosan hydrogels infused with chondroitin sulphate and ferulic acid for wound healing

Abstract

Chitosan hydrogels are recognized as promising wound dressings as they can mimic extracellular matrix, retain moisture and deliver therapeutic agents. In this study, chitosan hydrogel enriched with chondroitin sulphate (CS) and ferulic acid (FA) is prepared to improve wound healing and antibacterial effects. The characterization studies were conducted to measure the hydrogel mechanical strength, swelling capacity, moisture retention and polymer-therapeutic agents compatibility. In vitro release studies were conducted and a revealed sustained CS release of 98.95% within 48 h, while FA shown limited diffusion of 3.48%. Antibacterial properties of the prepared hydrogel was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and revealed 15.0 mm ±0.8 mm inhibition zone (n = 3), suggesting antibacterial effect. The ability of the prepared hydrogel to improve fibroblast cells migration and wound closure was measured using scratch assay. Moreover, the potential interactions between the bioactive compounds and proteins associated with wound healing pathways was measured using molecular docking. The combination of CS and FA within the chitosan hydrogel suggested a promising strategy for enhancing tissue regeneration, wound management and public health.