Preparation and evaluation of spray dried powder of Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds as suspending agents to develop rivaroxaban nanosuspension

Abstract

The present study aimed to formulate rivaroxaban nanosuspension by nanoprecipitation with the ultrasonication method and was stabilized by different concentrations of Fenugreek Seed Mucilage, Microcrystalline Cellulose and Carboxymethyl Cellulose. The formulated nanosuspensions were evaluated for saturation solubility studies, particle size, drug content, zeta potential, and in vitro drug release. In the FT-IR spectra of the drug in the physical mixture, it was noted that the peaks had remained unaltered. DSC thermograms of Rivaroxaban and the physical mixture indicated the absence of interaction and the presence of the drug in an unchanged form. The evaluation tests were conducted and optimization was done using Minitab software. Optimized formulation F3 demonstrated an impressive saturation solubility of 0.89 mg/mL. The particle size distribution studies revealed that the optimized formulation F3 showed 79 nm. Formulation F3 exhibited drug content reaching 75%. The zeta potential was measured at -33 mV for formulation F3. Pure drug RN exhibited a cumulative drug release of 20%, and formulation F3 showed 71% cumulative drug release at the end of the 60th min. Rivaroxaban nanosuspension showed a prolonged duration of drug action, enhanced the rate and extent of drug absorption, and ultimately increased the therapy's effectiveness.