Sea Ice Studies: An Indian Perspective on Polar Research

Abstract

Sea ice acts as a vital part of the Earth's climate system. This entity affects the planet’s ocean circulation, weather patterns, and global ecosystems as a whole. While most research on sea ice has historically been led by countries with territorial interests in the polar regions, India's involvement in this domain has grown significantly over the decades since the early 1980s. Despite its tropical location, India is deeply invested in polar research due to the impacts on its climate, especially the monsoon. This review gives a detailed analysis of India's contributions to sea ice research. Main focus here is on the country's scientific advancements in the field of cryospheric studies, with discussions on the interrelationship between sea ice dynamics and regional climate patterns, and the strategic importance of such studies. Various established national institutions perform research efforts, contributing to international collaborations and advancements in remote sensing technology. Also, this review identifies the challenges faced by Indian researchers and suggests potential future directions for the country's polar research efforts.