Application of Canna Indica for Removal of Methylene Blue Using Phytoremediation Techniques

Abstract

India's rapid urbanization and industrialization have released industrial effluents comprising dyes and heavy metals into the environment, which has significantly contaminated the ecosystem overall and in water bodies in particular. The traditional physicochemical methods for dye removal were sometimes costly and inefficient, especially when used at lower concentrations. For the purpose of removing pollutants from wastewater, phytoremediation has become a popular and affordable solution. The use of Canna indica as a biosorbent for the phytoremediation of textile wastewater containing Methylene Blue (MB) dye is studied in this work. After immobilizing Canna indica root tubers with calcium chloride and sodium alginate, batch adsorption experiments were conducted to optimize a number of variables, including as pH, temperature, and contact duration. The results demonstrated that, following treatment, important wastewater quality measurements such total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were significantly reduced. With notable improvements in colour, pH, and other pollutant levels, Canna indica was used in phytoremediation to reduce the concentration of Methylene Blue from 10 ppm to 1 ppm and fulfil Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) requirements. The Phyto-bed's ability to remove dye was also much improved when the dye concentration was lowered to 1156.7 mg/L. As India's industrialization and environmental degradation accelerate, this study emphasizes Canna indica's ability as an eco-friendly method of treating wastewater contaminated by dyes, providing an suitable solution to the problems associated with cleaning wastewater from textile industries.