α-Glucosidase inhibition properties of novel azaphthalocyanines containing vanillin

Abstract

Vanillin substituted novel zinc(II) azaphthalocyanines (ZnAzaPcs) have been synthesized and investigated for their
α-glucosidase inhibition properties. The new compounds (1, 2, 1a and 2a) have been characterised using a combination of FT-IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, UV-Vis, MS and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of starting pyrazine compounds 1 and
2 have also been determined by the single crystal diffraction technique. All newly synthesized compounds have been evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activity against a-glucosidase and all of them have more inhibitory effect when compared to acarbose as reference compound. Especially, compound 2 shows the most significant a-glucosidase inhibition. IC₅₀ values of compound 2 and acarbose, which is known as α-glucosidase inhibitor used as anti-diabetic drug, have been found to be 6.01±0.16 and 9.52±0.23 µg/mL, respectively.