Geographical Indications as Catalysts for Sustainable Development: Evidence from West Bengal, India

Abstract

This study evaluates the contribution of Geographical Indications (GIs) to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through three case studies from West Bengal, India: Gobindabhog Rice, Santiniketan Leather Goods, and Bardhaman Sitabhog and Mihidana. Using a mixed-methods approach—surveys, stakeholder consultations, and secondary data analyses—the study examines production processes, supply chains, and socioeconomic impacts. Results show that these GIs meaningfully advance several SDGs, particularly those related to poverty reduction, decent work, cultural preservation, and responsible production. However, challenges persist in areas such as market awareness, quality control, and innovation uptake. Addressing these gaps through coordinated policy action and stakeholder engagement could significantly amplify the developmental potential of GIs in India and beyond.