Assessment and Monitoring of Seasonal Variation in Metal Levels in Groundwater of Rewari District (India)

Abstract

In the present study, groundwater metal contamination was assessed at fifteen locations in Rewari city of Haryana State during pre-monsoon and monsoon/post-monsoon seasons of year 2024. Water samples were collected from different sites and analyzed for Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, As, and Pb using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The obtained results were analyzed and compared with BIS drinking water standards (IS 10500:2012). The findings indicated moderate metal contamination, with some metals showing potential risks of accumulation in soil. Higher metal concentrations were observed during the pre-monsoon period due to evaporation and reduced groundwater recharge, whereas lower concentrations during the monsoon/post-monsoon season were attributed to rainfall induced dilution.