Genetic variability of Bougainvillea varieties through molecular markers

Abstract

An investigation has been conducted on evaluation of genetic variability and relationships among 25 bougainvillea varieties by using two molecular markers i.e. DAMD and ISSR. There were 282 bands were amplified by using 5 DAMD primers and 10 ISSR primers wherein 253 bands (approximately 88.26%) were polymorphic and showed the significant level of genetic diversity. ISSR markers showed higher polymorphism (94.91%) compared to DAMD markers (81.61%). The PIC values ranged from 0.17 to 0.42 for DAMD and 0.10 to 0.19 for ISSR markers, exhibiting moderate to high genetic informativeness. Genetic dissimilarity coefficients varied from 0.37 to 0.78 for ISSR markers and 0.44 to 0.80 for DAMD markers. The maximum genetic distance (0.79) was recorded between the bougainvillea variety Abhimanyu and Los Banos Variegata Silver Margin, as well as between Pallavi and Dr. P.V. Sane whereas the lowest genetic distance (0.38) was observed between the bougainvillea varieties Krumbiegel and Mary Palmer Special. Cluster analysis based on UPGMA and Jaccard’s similarity coefficient classified the genotypes into two primary clusters with several sub-clusters under each primary cluster. Moreover, the varieties Abhimanyu and Los Banos Variegata Silver Margin showed 100% bootstrap support and showing strong genetic similarity.