Comprehensive Analysis of Interleaved Boost and Totem-Pole PFC Converters with Various Low-Frequency Devices for Electric Vehicle Charging Applications

Abstract

The shift to electric vehicles (EVs) has raised the requirements of high-efficiency, high power density on-board chargers (OBCs) with the capacity to comply with tough standards of power quality like IEC 61000-3-2. The paper provides a comparative study on the advanced Power Factor Correction (PFC) topologies that comprise Boost PFC, Multi-Phase Interleaved Boost PFC, Bridgeless Totem-Pole PFC, and Interleaved Totem-Pole PFC Converters. The input current shaping, voltage regulation, efficiency, switching stress, and general performance of various types of low-frequency (LF) switching devices; Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFETs), diodes and Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs) are systematically compared. A mathematical modeling framework and Average Current Mode Control (ACMC) strategy with nested proportional integral (PI) loops are developed and tested with an elaborate MATLAB/Simulink simulation. Both closed and open-loop performances are examined and proved that Totem-Pole PFC are more efficient as its power factor comes around 0.99, its THD is <5 %, efficiency >95 % and output voltage ripple comes less than 2 % with all low frequency devices and minimal with SCR around 2 % THD, 98 % efficiency and less than 1 % output voltage ripple. The findings give a viable design consideration to on-board chargers of high-performance EV.