A Novel Planar Antenna with Mushroom Shaped DGS for WBAN Applications

Abstract

In this paper, a compact, low profile planar antenna has been proposed with a mushroom shaped defective ground structure at the back, for WBAN and biomedical applications. This proposed antenna is designed and fabricated on a semi flexible board of RT/duroid 5880 substrate with dimensions 66 × 66 × 1.64 mm³.The proposed QCCR (Quad Corner Cut Ring) antenna is combination of patch and defective ground structure, exhibit impressive impedance bandwidth of 500 MHz (bandwidth percentage 8.7%), spanning from 5.5 to 6 GHz and also shows a substantial gain of 7.25 dBi in free space.  The designed antenna resonates at frequency 5.68 GHz and 5.92 GHz for return loss better than -10dB and provides good impedance matching even when placed on body phantom. To achieve the impedance bandwidth within Spectrum range of Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN), DGS technique was implemented. The radiation efficiency is 98.72% for the designed antenna.  Furthermore, the incorporation of the defective ground structure has a significant positive impact on bandwidth enhancement of antenna. A comprehensive simulation analysis and parameter measurement is carried out for different cases, when the antenna is placed in free space, against the body phantom and on bending structure condition.  Both simulations and experimental tests confirm the robustness of this defective ground antenna's performance against structural alterations such as bending. The parametric analysis of antenna has been done to achieve the best performance of antenna in all the cases. The purposed antenna SAR value is within range which satisfies the IEEE and FCC standard safety guidelines. The outcomes of these investigations position the proposed planar antenna as a highly promising option for wireless biomedical devices, showcasing its potential to revolutionize the biomedical field applications.