Nanotechnology in Forensic Science: Extensive Applications and New Perspective

Abstract

Rapid advances in nanotechnology are setting new paradigms in science and technology. Nano-forensic offers a fresh perspective for real-time investigation of crimes with established advanced nano-imaging tools for visualization, nano-manipulators and nanosensors. Nanotechnology enables enhanced and improved efficiency of traditional and applied forensic techniques with high sensitivity, accuracy, and reduced requirement of time. Therobust nanotechnological applications of classic tools for investigating the documents in question, time since death, age of bloodstains, along with its application in DNA analysis, in improving polymerase chain reaction (PCR) efficiency, and explosive detection. In microbial forensics, only an extensive collection of strains from around the world and high-quality sequence data can provide the basis for meaningful results. Nanotechnology will help faster disclosure of cases and evidence to competent courts, will quickly identify proxies, interpret sources, and present those findings in court as evidence.Forensic palaeontology relies heavily on pollen fingerprinting which is one of the most effective methods for detecting and analyzing evidence of exposure. Nano-based strategies hold enormous future in detecting latent fingerprinting, for illicit drug screening and security features. Nanotechnology is likely to play an important role in forensic science, providing reliable evidence in addition to being more selective and sensitive. This review offers valuable insights into the applications of nanoparticles in forensic science.