Endogenous oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products and morphological particularisation of red blood corpuscles in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma

Abstract

Oxidative stress is known to be exacerbated in chronic illnesses, yet its role and underlying mechanisms in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. Venous blood samples were collected via phlebotomy and processed to separate serum and plasma. Hemolysate was prepared for biochemical analysis across the collected samples. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to assess the morphological characteristics of red blood cells (RBCs). A shift in the oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium towards oxidative dominance was evident, with significant oxidative stress detected in the samples. Liver function parameters portrayed consequential deflections from normal in the NSCLC population except for the total globulin, total bilirubin and ALP. Advanced glycation end products and dityrosine showcased an elevation in fluorescence intensity. SEM analysis revealed marked morphological changes in erythrocytes, including disrupted membrane integrity, highlighting oxidative stress-induced cellular damage. NSCLC patients experienced a significant decline in both biochemical and morphological protective variables thus rendering disease progression.