Spectroscopic analysis, Microscopic imaging and Antibacterial activities of Syzygium cumini, Andrographis paniculata, Gymnema sylvestre and Mimosa pudica

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the bioactivity of powdered medicinal plants. A collection of medicinal plant
powders Syzygium cumini (S. cumini), Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata), Gymnema sylvestre (G. sylvestre) and
Mimosa pudica (M. pudica) was procured from Tamil Nadu, Virudhunagar Sarvodaya Sangam, India. Functional groups
including hydroxyl, amines, ketone, and aldehydeof aromatic compounds have been characterized by Fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy. The small energy gaps of compoundshave been found as 5.0866 eV, 5.1746 eV, 4.8831 eV and
5.1568 eV in S. cumini, A. paniculata, G. sylvestre, and M. pudica, respectively, facilitated by UV-Visible spectroscopy
helps to identify the chemical reactivity. SEM with EDX has been utilized to assess the size, shape and elemental
compositions of the plant powders. SEM imaging has been used to identify the micrometre-range size of each plant powder.
Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus has been tested for antibacterial activity of plant powders. We identified that
S. cumini (zone of inhibition of 27 mM) and M. pudica (zone of inhibition of 26 mM) showed the highest antibacterial
activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Consequently, medicinal plant powders can be used as antibacterial medicines for
the treatment of diseases caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.