Recent Advances in High Pressure and Temperature Instruments for Study of Interior of earth and extra-terrestrial bodies in solar system

Abstract

Past few decades evidenced significant progress in understanding planetary studies, however, there are still many aspects that remain unknown due to the challenging conditions extant to earth’s interior and extra-terrestrial bodies. Our knowledge is primarily derived from methods such as seismic studies, mineral physics, and experimental simulations. With developments in technology, the high-pressure equipment helps to replicate condition for the study of interior of the earth. Present paper provides a comprehensive review of research being carried out in the field of experimental mineralogy and petrology to study planetary bodies. Further, extensively delves into the intricate exploration of Earth's and extra-terrestrial interiors is discussed in detail by employing two primary laboratory methods to replicate extreme pressure and temperature conditions: (i) static loading and (ii) shock loading. The utilization of cutting-edge tools such as multi-anvil and diamond-anvil is thoroughly discussed, shedding light on their pivotal roles in advancing our understanding of these high-pressure and high-temperature environments.