Could an Artificial Intelligence be a Ghostwriter?

Abstract

Advanced technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, have beenpushing nowadays societies toward new
ethical and legal challenges, including copyright law dilemmas.The contemporarydevelopment of innovativemachinesand
cognitive technologies raisesthe need to rethink basic concepts such as ownership and accountability.In light of the rules of
copyright law, this paper argues that innovative algorithms, such as GPT-3 (an autoregressive language model developed by
Open AI to produce human-like text via deep learning), could be considered a modern form of ghostwriting brought forward
by the Third Industrial Revolution, as defined by Jeremy Rifkin. The phenomenon of ghostwriting has
beennotorioussinceantiquity.Althoughghostwritingis also quitepervasive today, neither national nor international legal
systems have yet fully regulated it. Based on the assumption that AI systems operate likeghostwriters in terms of their
creativity, this paperasks whether AI’s creationshould be subject to copyright regulations soon, and if so, to what extent.