Efficient Design Analysis of Chemical Sensor Using Hollow Core Photonic Crystal Fiber

Abstract

Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) is an optical fiber, using a micro structural periodic arrangement of several air holes, which allows the broadband transmission and pulse propagation through it. Also, PCF has made the ideal functions for allowing the chemical sensing application, optical parametric calculation for telecommunication system. However, in some cases data transmission rate has minimized and signal loss has increased. Therefore, in this paper Hollow Core PCF (HC-PCF) based chemical sensor has been designed. The designed PCF geometry consists of symmetrical hexagonal air holes of three rings in the cladding and ahollow coreregion in the centre. Consequently, the designed PCF chemical sensor performance in methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol have been analysed. Here, Finite Element Method (FEM) with Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) is used to analyse the guiding behaviour of the designed hollow core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF). Additionally, enhancement is made in various sensing function such as effective refractive index, spot size, confinement loss, power fraction, numerical aperture, V-parameter, non-linear coefficient and relative sensitivity. Consequently, the designed model has highest relative sensitivity and lowest confinement loss for various chemical analytes. Also, the developed model has numerically analysed and structured using COMSOL Multiphysics software.