Banana inflorescence and menstrual health: An exploratory cross-sectional study in Tamil Nadu, India

BANANA INFLORESCENCE AND MENSTRUAL HEALTH

Abstract

Banana inflorescence (Vazhaipoo) has long been part of the food traditions of women in Tamil Nadu's banana-growing regions, and this study aimed to document the association between traditional dietary practices involving banana inflorescence and menstrual health management. Using an exploratory cross-sectional design, we interviewed 384 women across key banana-cultivating districts through semi-structured schedules. Nearly all participants (98.70%) reported perceived relief from menstrual complaints following regular consumption. Among the reported benefits, relief from menstrual cramps was the most common (27.86%), followed by reduction in premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms (24.74%) and improved regulation of menstrual cycles (17.71%). Common medicinal preparations included Vazhaipoo Poriyal and Kootu, typically cooked with Hingu (asafetida) and Tila taila (sesame oil). To explore the phytochemical basis of these health benefits, the IMPPAT database was consulted, which revealed the presence of compounds such asquercetin, β-sitosterol, saponins, tannins, and leucocyanidin, all of which possess anti-inflammatory, estrogenic, or astringent properties. Participants also reported secondary benefits related to digestive health and blood sugar regulation. The primary barrier to wider adoption was the labor-intensive and time-consuming preparation process, despite the ingredient being widely available and inexpensive. These findings support the potential role of banana inflorescence as a functional food for women's health, while pointing to the clear need for clinical trials and evidence-based dietary guidelines.